Introduction to Dhikala Zone in Jim Corbett National Park
Dhikala is the most famous and largest tourism zone within Jim Corbett National Park, located in the heart of the Corbett landscape in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand. Known for its scenic beauty, rich biodiversity, and some of the best wildlife sightings, Dhikala is a paradise for nature enthusiasts, wildlife photographers, and adventure seekers. Spanning over vast grasslands, riverbeds, dense forests, and valleys, the Dhikala zone is one of the most sought-after zones in the park and holds a special place in India's wildlife tourism.
Historical Background
The rich history of Dhikala is intertwined with the legacy of Jim Corbett National Park, named after the famous British hunter-turned-conservationist Jim Corbett. Established in 1936 as Hailey National Park, Corbett is India's oldest national park and was the first to come under the Project Tiger initiative in 1973. Dhikala, being central to the park's conservation efforts, has played a significant role in tiger conservation since its inception.
The area was once used as a hunting ground for British officials in colonial India. But after Jim Corbett advocated for the protection of wildlife, the area was reclassified to safeguard its natural inhabitants, notably the Bengal tiger. Today, Dhikala is a symbol of successful conservation efforts and a beacon for responsible tourism.
Geography and Landscape
Dhikala's diverse terrain is marked by vast Chaurs (grasslands), dense Sal forests, and the mighty Ramganga River. The river meanders through the park, creating a vital water source for wildlife and nurturing a unique ecosystem. The Dhikala Chaur is one of the largest grasslands within Corbett, and its open spaces make it an ideal habitat for herbivores such as elephants, deer, and wild boars, which in turn attract predators like tigers and leopards.
Dhikala's strategic position along the Ramganga Reservoir offers panoramic views of the park's varied landscape. The Dhangarhi Gate, located about 30 kilometers from Dhikala, serves as the main entry point, and the zone is accessible only with an authorized guide or forest department vehicle.
The Sambar Road, Thandi Road, and Champion Road are prominent tracks within Dhikala, each offering distinctive views of the landscape and abundant chances for wildlife sightings. The topography transitions between open meadows, thick forests, and riverine areas, creating a patchwork that is both visually stunning and ecologically rich.
Wildlife in Dhikala
Dhikala is celebrated for its rich biodiversity and is one of the most significant zones for wildlife viewing within Corbett National Park. The park is home to over 500 species of birds, 50 species of mammals, and 25 species of reptiles. Visitors often encounter a variety of fauna, from large mammals to rare birds.
The Bengal Tiger: Dhikala is among the best places in India to spot the elusive Bengal tiger. The open grasslands, interspersed with patches of dense forest, provide ideal tiger habitat. Tigers can often be seen lounging in the grasslands or near water sources, making it a premier attraction for tiger enthusiasts and photographers.
Asiatic Elephants: Corbett has one of the largest populations of Asiatic elephants in northern India, and Dhikala's grasslands are prime grazing grounds for these gentle giants. Elephant herds are a common sight, and they are often seen crossing paths, especially in the early morning and late afternoon.
Leopards: Though more elusive than tigers, leopards are also present in Dhikala. They are known to frequent the edges of forests and rocky areas, and spotting one is considered a rare but thrilling experience.
Deer Species: Dhikala's grasslands are populated by large herds of deer, including the spotted deer (chital), sambar, and barking deer. Their abundance draws predators, making deer sightings an essential part of any Dhikala safari experience.
Birdlife: Dhikala is a bird watcher's paradise, with sightings of species like the crested serpent eagle, great hornbill, white-throated kingfisher, and Pallas's fish eagle. The Ramganga River attracts migratory waterbirds, including cormorants, darters, and herons.
Reptiles: The riverine habitat supports reptiles like the mugger crocodile and gharial, especially along the Ramganga's banks.
Dhikala Forest Lodge
A unique highlight of visiting Dhikala is the opportunity to stay at the Dhikala Forest Lodge, the only accommodation facility within the core zone of Jim Corbett National Park. Managed by the Forest Department of Uttarakhand, the Dhikala Forest Lodge offers an authentic, rustic stay experience that allows visitors to immerse themselves fully in the sounds and sights of the forest.
The lodge provides basic amenities, with a focus on conservation and minimal environmental impact. Rooms are simple but comfortable, designed to blend with the natural surroundings. Staying overnight in Dhikala allows for extended safaris and a chance to witness nocturnal wildlife activities, making it a favored choice for wildlife enthusiasts.
Key features of the Dhikala Forest Lodge experience include:
Proximity to wildlife: Being situated deep within the forest, the lodge provides an unparalleled experience with proximity to nature. Sightings of deer, elephants, and sometimes even tigers around the lodge premises add to the excitement.
Sunrise and Sunset Views: The Dhikala grasslands and Ramganga Reservoir offer breathtaking sunrise and sunset views, enhancing the natural beauty of the surroundings. Strict Rules and Limited Access: Due to its location in a core conservation area, access to the lodge is limited, and specific rules are enforced to minimize human impact. Electricity is available only during designated hours, and no outside food is allowed to prevent attracting wildlife.
Best Time to Visit Dhikala
The best time to visit Dhikala is between November and June, as this is the only period when the zone is open to the public. The winter months of November to February offer cool temperatures and good chances of spotting large mammals due to the lack of foliage. The summer months, from March to June, are also ideal for wildlife viewing as animals congregate around water sources.
During the monsoon season (July to October), Dhikala remains closed to tourists due to heavy rains and the resultant swelling of the Ramganga River. This period is essential for forest rejuvenation and reduces human impact on the ecosystem.